Sickle Cell Disease is an Autosomal recessive inherited disorder cause by a mutation in the HBB gene. (Genetics Home Reference, 2012). The allele on the short arm of chromosome 11, which is responsible for determining the condition of the beta-globin polypeptide, undergoes a mutation. (Herron et al, 2010). On the 17th nucleotide, Thymine replaces adenine in the sixth codon of the gene. (Rees et al, 2010). The mutation causes glutamic acid to be replaced by valine. (Rees et al, 2010). Under low-oxygen conditions, the valine interacts with hydrophibic pockets on another hemoglobin molecule, causing them to polymerize end-to-end, forming elongated macrostructure consisting of seven pairs of fibers that leads to the sickle shape. (Herron et al, 2010). It causes the hemoglobin molecule to crystallize and deform.